A novel energy-efficient scheduling method for three-dimensional heterogeneous wireless sensor networks based on improved memetic algorithm and node cooperation strategy

Abstract Nodes in performance heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) often have varying levels of available energy, storage space, and processing power due to the network’s limited resources. Additionally, coverage redundancy channel conflicts may adversely influence quality service a network when many nodes been deployed at once. Energy as major constrained resource requires an effective energy-efficient scheduling mechanism balance node energy consumption extend lifespan. Therefore, this research proposes technique, IMA–NCS-3D for three-dimensional HWSNs on basis improved memetic algorithm cooperation strategy. A multi-objective fitness function is created encode active inactive states genes, optimal set built via selection, crossover, variation, local search. This phase process known scheduling. Node-to-node solutions are offered during data transmission deal with unforeseen traffic abnormalities reduce congestion volumes high. Simulation results show that has superior capability, cross-network load balancing longer lifespan than other current optimization approaches.